Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini lezithuthi zamandla amatsha liye lakhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iTshayina ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwicandelo lokwenziwa kweemoto, apho iteknoloji yayo yebhetri ikhokela ihlabathi. Ngokubanzi, ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokwanda komlinganiselo wemveliso kunokunciphisa iindleko, okubangela umgangatho ophuculweyo kunye namaxabiso ancitshisiweyo eemveliso zokugqibela. Namhlanje, eli nqaku lihlalutya umbono weendleko zeebhetri zamandla amatsha ezithuthi zamandla, ligxile ekubeni abathengi banokukwazi na ukuthenga izithuthi zamandla amatsha ezingabizi kakhulu emva kokuthengiswa kweebhetri ze-sodium-ion.
01 Ukwakhiwa kweendleko zezithuthi ezintsha zamandla
Iinxalenye eziphambili zeendleko zezithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo kwicandelo elitsha lezithuthi zamandla zezi zilandelayo:
Ngokwedatha ekwigrafu, kuyacaca ukuba ibhetri yeyona nto iphambili echaphazela ixabiso lesithuthi siphela. Njengoko iindleko zebhetri zisanda, ngokungenakuphepheka zidluliselwa kwiimveliso zokugqibela. Ngoko ke, iindleko zebhetri yamandla zimiselwa njani?
02 Ukwakhiwa kweendleko zeebhetri zamandla
Ngokucacileyo, izinto eziluhlaza zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekumiseleni iindleko zebhetri yamandla. Idatha ekhutshwe yi-China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance ibonisa ukuba xa kuthelekiswa nokuqala konyaka ophelileyo, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lezinto eziphambili ze-ternary lithium battery cathode linyuke nge-108.9%, ngelixa ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate battery cathode linyuke nge-182.5%. Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-ternary lithium battery electrolytes linyuke nge-146.2%, kwaye elo le-lithium iron phosphate battery electrolytes linyuke nge-190.2%. Iibhetri eziqhelekileyo azinakuphila ngaphandle kwe-lithium, ngoko makhe sijonge iindlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo ixabiso le-lithium carbonate, i-lithium hydroxide, kunye ne-lithium iron phosphate:
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto zebhetri ye-lithium kubangelwa yingqiqo efunyenwe lishishini le-lithium kwiminyaka emibini yokudodobala okuqhubekayo, nto leyo ebangele ukuncipha kokunikezelwa ngenxa yokulahlekelwa. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwezithuthi zamandla ezintsha lukwaqhubele phambili imfuno yeebhetri ze-lithium. Amazwe kwihlabathi liphela abeke iinjongo zokufakelwa kombane kwizithuthi, nto leyo eqinisa ukuphikisana kokunikezelwa kwemfuno kwaye ikhokelele ekunyukeni okuqhubekayo kwamaxabiso ezixhobo zebhetri ye-lithium. Kwimeko enjalo, iibhetri zamandla zinganganyuki njani ixabiso?
03 Zingakanani iibhetri zeSodium-ion ezinexabiso elingcono kwizithuthi ezintsha zamandla?
Ngenxa yokuba imithombo ye-lithium mineral incinci kakhulu eMhlabeni, ukusukela ngo-2020, iindawo zokugcina i-lithium ore (lithium carbonate) kwihlabathi liphela zaziziitoni ezili-128 lezigidi, kunye nemithombo ye-349 lezigidi zeetoni, ikakhulu zisasazwa kumazwe afana neChile, iOstreliya, iArgentina, neBolivia. I-China ikwindawo yesine ngokweendawo zokugcina i-lithium eziqinisekisiweyo, ibala i-7.1%, kwaye ikwindawo yesithathu kwimveliso ye-lithium ore, ibala i-17.1%. Nangona kunjalo, iityuwa ze-lithium zaseTshayina zikumgangatho ophantsi kwaye kunzima ukuzivelisa nokuzisebenzisa. Ke ngoko, i-China ixhomekeke kakhulu ekungeniseni i-lithium concentrates yase-Australia kunye neetyuwa ze-lithium zaseMzantsi Melika. I-China okwangoku ngumthengi omkhulu we-lithium kwihlabathi liphela, ibala malunga ne-39% yokusetyenziswa ngo-2019. Ngexesha elifutshane, imithombo ye-lithium incinci ngenxa yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, kwaye kwixesha elide, uphuhliso lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion luya kuthintelwa yimithombo ye-lithium. Ke ngoko, iibhetri ze-sodium-ion, ezineendawo zokugcina ezininzi, iindleko kunye neenzuzo zokhuseleko, zinokuba yindlela ebalulekileyo yophuhliso kushishino lweebhetri kwixesha elizayo.
Enyanisweni, kwasekuqaleni kukaJulayi 2021, i-CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Ltd.) yayisele ikhuphe ibhetri ye-sodium-ion kwaye yabhengeza ukuqaliswa koyilo lwayo lwemizi-mveliso, kunye nekhonkco elisisiseko lemizi-mveliso eliza kusekwa ngo-2023. Enye into entle kukuba ngomhla wama-28 kuJulayi kunyaka ophelileyo, umgca wokuqala wemveliso yebhetri ye-1 GWh sodium-ion kwihlabathi wagqitywa eFuyang, kwiPhondo lase-Anhui. Izithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezisebenzisa ibhetri ye-sodium-ion azikude kakhulu.
Ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezisebenzisa ibhetri ye-sodium-ion kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kuya kuba negalelo elikhulu ekukhuthazeni izithuthi zococeko zombane kwizixeko kulo lonke elaseTshayina. I-YIWEI Automotive ibisoloko izibophelele kuyilo nophuhliso lwetshasi yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezizinikeleyo, ukuhlanganiswa kweenkqubo zamandla, uphuhliso lweenkqubo zolawulo ezikrelekrele zolawulo lwamandla olufakwe kwizithuthi, kunye nophuhliso lothungelwano lwezithuthi kunye neetekhnoloji zedatha enkulu. Besiphambili kushishino lwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezizinikeleyo kwaye silandele ngokusondeleyo itekhnoloji yebhetri yamandla, sizisa abathengi kwicandelo lezithuthi ezizinikeleyo izithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezingabizi kakhulu, ezisebenzayo, nezisebenziseka lula.
Qhagamshelana nathi:
yanjing@1vtruck.com +(86)13921093681
duanqianyun@1vtruck.com +(86)13060058315
liyan@1vtruck.com +(86)18200390258
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-22-2023
